The Government of Sindh (GoS), through the Karachi Water and Sewerage Board (KWSB), is planning to implement the K-IV Augmentation works involving laying of water supply pipelines in Karachi City (these works will be described as the Proposed Project in this document). The Proposed Project will be implemented under the Phase 2 of Karachi Water and Sewerage Services Improvement Project (KWSSIP-2), which is financed by World Bank (WB), Asian Infrastructure and Investment Bank (AIIB) and GoS. To address the potential environmental and social impacts of the Proposed Project, this Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) has been conducted, in accordance with the Sindh Environmental Protection Act (SEPA) as well as WB environmental and social framework (ESF).